The Trump administration is renewing its push to stop states from passing their own artificial intelligence rules, setting up a major clash with California lawmakers who are moving forward with dozens of competing proposals.

According to CNN, the White House has renewed its effort to block states from regulating AI, a move that is raising safety alarms among critics. The Economic Policy Institute reports that an executive order is being used specifically to challenge or deter state laws that would impact AI development. Separately, Latham & Watkins notes that the administration is simultaneously taking steps toward crafting its own comprehensive federal AI regulation framework.

In Congress, a bill advancing that would override state-level AI protections is adding urgency to the debate. According to CalMatters, Californians would lose existing AI protections if that legislation passes. An earlier attempt to impose a 10-year ban on state and local AI regulation was even more sweeping — but according to Ogletree, the U.S. Senate struck that proposed ban from a spending bill, leaving the legal landscape unsettled.

Meanwhile, California is not standing down. CalMatters reports the state has introduced roughly 30 new proposals to rein in AI, even as it has backed away from some more ambitious regulations in prior sessions. And according to Fortune, Republican and Democratic state lawmakers across the country are advancing their own AI rules just months after Trump warned them not to.

The core tension is straightforward: the federal government wants a single national standard that AI companies can build to, while states like California argue they need the freedom to protect their residents from harms that Washington may not move quickly enough to address. How this gets resolved will determine whether the rules governing AI — from hiring algorithms to facial recognition — are set in one place or fifty.